Optimizing PostgreSQL
Understanding Query Plans
Always start with EXPLAIN ANALYZE. Look for Seq Scans on large tables.
Index Strategies
- Partial indexes: Index only queried rows
- Composite indexes: Match common query patterns
- Expression indexes: For computed queries
Connection Pooling
Use PgBouncer to avoid connection overhead.
Query Tips
- Avoid SELECT *
- Use LIMIT early with cursor-based pagination
- Batch operations
- Materialized views for complex aggregations
- VACUUM regularly
A well-tuned PostgreSQL handles millions of records under 50ms.
Originally published on IceCat Studio Blog.